ࡱ> 5@ Nbjbj22 "XX^jjjjjjj~5555L5l~I<2j6^6666666;;;;;;;${=R?t;]j66666;jj66<\7\7\76"j6j6;\76;\78\77t:jj:6^6 䠐l56":;<0I<:,A@ 7(A@:~~jjjjA@j:66\766666;;~~,".47(~~".WML (Wireless Markup Language) - Nn Tn C S I. WML l g? WML l mt ngn ng c thit k dnh ring cho mc ch to ra nhng ng dng gi ln mng v tuyn n nhng thit b nh gn, nh l in thoi di ng. WML l mt chun m rng c pht trin bi Wireless Application Protocol Forum, v chuyn ngnh WML hnh thnh t mt phn ca chuyn nghnh WAP rng ln hn. WML l mt ng dng ca XML, c ngh)a l n c nh ngh)a trong mt ti liu type definition. Ba s vic ny- v nhng s  cao m h ng - c th c dng  tr li nhiu cu hi i loi nh:"Ti sao n li lm nh vy" vn dng nh thng c t ra cho WML. WML c nhng khc bit so vi nhng ngn ng nh du khc bi v mc tiu n nhm vo khng ging nh nhng ngn ng nh du khc. Nu nh cch ng x ca n nghe c v l, iu  thng t xung mt quyt nh m  c thc hin  n thnh cng trong mc tiu . II. Cu trc ca ng dng WML Nu bn  tng dng WWW, bn khng cn hiu HTML  hnh thnh mt n tng v cch m mi th lm vic. Mi web site bao gm nhiu trang. Ty theo yeu cu ca site, mi trang con s cha vi thng tin, hay tp hp cc tc v cho ngi dng thc hin, hay l tng hp c hai. Trong hu ht cc trng hp, c hiu cch  n mt trang khc trong web site, tng t nh vy nu bn mun t mt trang ny n mt site khc. HTML thc hin tt c mc tiu ny, v n  tr thnh mt thnh cng v) i. Xt v gi tr b mt, WML ging nhiu vi HTML, nhng c nhng khc bit trong khuynh hng ca nhng ngi sng to ra chng. WML c thit k  to ra nhng ng dng, trong khi HTML c thit k ch nhm mc ch to ra cc ti liu. Ranh gii gia ng dung v ti liu khng r rng, th nhng nhn ton cc, mt ng dng c khuynh hng thit k xoay quanh giao tip ngi dng, trong khi nhng ti liu li c khuynh hng truyn t thng tin. im khc nhau then cht khac gia WAP v web nm  ch phn cng v phn mm dng  truy cp vo internet. Thng thng, Web c truy cp t nhng my tnh desktop mnh c kh nng hin th ln, c kt ni internet nhanh, r v ng tin cy. Cc phn mm duyt web bn thn l nhng chng trnh tinh vi m thng thng tin s dng cho bt c ngi dng no. Nguc li i vi WAP, mng dnh cho ngi dng khng c nh tng i chm, khng ng tin cy, gi mc, v n li ng hnh vi mt trnh duyt siu nh v c bn l thiu thn v mn hnh hin th qu hp cho vic th hin thng tin n ngi dng. i mt vi nhng kh khn trn, WML cn mt vi im khc so vi HTML trong kiu thng tin gi n ngi dng cing nh l cch m thng tin c gi i.Nhng ngi dng thit b c kh nng WAP tt nhin khng mun c nhng dng text di ngon ri mi c thng tin h cn, vn  "thi gian l tin bc" kh c gii quyt mt cch tch ng trong th gii lin lc di ng. Nhng ngi ny ch n nhng site ca bn  tm kim nhng mu nh thng tin, v tt nhin l hc mong sao tm ra n cng nhanh cng tt. Trong tnh hung nh vy th cch duyt web khng cn thch hp cho in thoi di ng na. Mc  cao ca giao tip hp l hn l diu cn thit vi nhng ngi dng ch mun c nhng mu tin ngn, tm ra nhanh cu tr li m h cn. III. Card v deck Bc tip cn u tin vi WML m chng ta cn l phi qun i tng "page". Thay vo , mt ng dng WML bao gm mt hay nhiu deck, mi deck cha mt b card. Mi card thng thng cha vi ni dung hin th n ngi dng, v vi ni dung khc c microbrowser dng  iu khin khi ngi dng mun chuyn t card ny n card khc k tip. Biu  sau y gii thiu tnh trng ny, vi s b sung ca nhng ti liu, thng l nhng file gi l something.wml m chng ta  to ra khi m chng ta vit ng dng ca chng ta. Mi mt ci cha mt deck n. Di dng khi nim(hn l ni dung), mt card WML th tng t nh mt trang HTML, nhng khng c cch chun trong HTML  tp trung li mt lot trang li vi nhau. S thun li k thm ny m deck cung cp th quan trng i vi nhng ng dng internet khng dy.: bng cch tp trung cc card c lin quan vi nhau li, chng ta cng mt lc c th gi c nhiu card ti mt microbrowser, v vy khng cn thit phi xin mt card mi t server mi ln ngi dng c gng i t ni ny n ni khc. iu ny tit kim rt nhiu thi gian, nu bn thit k ng dng ca bn chu o, n c kh nng gim nhng deck cn truyn thnh mt lng nh ng k. III.1 Deck Khai bo document type cing trnh by rng phn t gc trong ti liu ny s l <wml>,chnh xc l nhng g chng ta thy: <?xml version= 1.0 > <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC  -//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.2//EN  HYPERLINK "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml" http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml> <wml> <card> <p>Unisoft Travel</p> <p>Welcome to our WAP site</p> </card> </wml> Phn t <wml> nh ngh)a mt deck WML, cp th n bt u v kt thc trong mi file WML: mt ti liu, mt deck. Nu cn, phn t <wml> c th cha phn t <head> (m chng ta s gp trong chng 15), v phn t <template>, tuy nhin, chng lun cha phn t <card> III.2 Card Khng c tr ngi trc quan no  bn c hiu rng nhng card WML c nh ngh)a bi phn t <card>, v hy gi nhng g bn  bit, nhng deck c th cha mt hay nhiu cp th <card>, i din cho mt hay nhiu card. Ti liu ca chng ta cha ch mt card: <?xml version= 1.0 > <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC  -//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.2//EN  HYPERLINK "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml" http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml> <wml> <card> <p>Unisoft Travel</p> <p>Welcome to our WAP site</p> </card> </wml> Trong hn t <card> c th cha ng s a dng ca mt hay nhiu phn t khc. IV. S dng nhiu deck trong mt ng dng Khi bn thit k ng dng, bn cn quyt nh xem co nn chia card ca bn ra thnh nhiu deck phn bit hay khng, v nu c th cch no tt nht  lm u . Trong phm vi no , iu ny s b nh hng bi cu trc hay hm trong ng dng ca bn, nh   cp  trn, tuy nhin cn c mt nhn t quan trong khc nh hng n quyt nh ca bn. Chng ta s tho lun iu ny su hn mt cht, nhng c mt kch thc cho php ti a i vi mt deck WAP. Nu deck ca bn qu ln, bn hy chia n ra thnh nhiu cch logic nht cng tt, c gng ng ngh) iu ny l vn  to tt, hy xem nhu l vic nhng cha  ca cng ngh WAP nh bn gip mt tay thi. Bn cn cn nhc nhng li ch ca vic c nhiu card cng lc trn thit b kh dng WAP, trnh tiu tn nhiu thi gian cho nhng deck qu ln truyn v t server. S cn bng ny m lch hng ng ngh)a vi vic khin cho ngi dng ca bn tht vng. V. Xy dng mt ng dng WML u tin By gi chng ta hy ni k) hn v s nh du trong mt ng dng WML,hy xem mi th m chng ta  bn lun nh x nh th no trong mt v d thc mc d rt n gin. <?xml version= 1.0 > <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC  -//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.2//EN  HYPERLINK "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml" http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml> <wml> <card> <p>Hello!!!</p> <p>Welcome to Unisoft s WAP site</p> </card> </wml> ng dng ny cha mt deck n, trong deck ny cha mt card n, v v vy n c nh ngh)a trong mt ti liu n. N thc s l mt ti liu rt c bn, v v vy tt c nhng th n cha s cn c gp trong hu ht cc ti liu khc. N qu ngn n ni chng ta khng cn mt nhiu thi gian  chy tng dng mt. VI. Nhng phn t WML Phn ny lit k tt c cc phn t WML theo th t alphabe, km theo  l nhng thuc tnh(nhng ch cn thit), v phn c t hm tng ng ca chng. Phn cui cng ca ph lc lin quan n vi phn t chuyn dng dnh ring cho UP.Browser, v do  s khng c microbrowser nhn ra. Chng ti khuyn co bn nn lu iu ny khi xem nhng n bn v WML. Chng ti  c nh km ti liu ny nh ngh)a phn loi ca WML 1.2  phn cui. Nu bn mun bit thm v DTDs, bn c th n website http://www.w3.org/xml. * Nhng thuc tnh thng thng. Bn cn lu thm mt iu l: C ba thuc tnh c th p dng hu ht trong cc phn t n. Thay v phi vit li nhiu ln, chng ti lit k chng  y trc: - xml:lang Ch nh ngn ng t nhin cho phn t v cc ni dung ca n. - id Ch nh tn ca phn t. - class Ch nh tn lp ca phn t. Tr khi c  cp  nhng ch c bit, cn khng th trong phn c t phn t, tt c cc phn t u dng ba thuc tnh ny. Mt thuc tnh ph thng xut hin trong cc phn t giao tip ngi dng l accesskey, thuc tnh ny thng c dng  ch nh kha n t keypad ca thit b tng ng vi s kch hot mt s kin hay hnh ng no . Nh vy, gn kha 9 cho mt hyperlink ngh)a l nu ngi dng nhn 9 trn keypad, browser s nh hng n ch ca hyperlink. + <a> Ch nh mt lin kt n card, deck hay ti nguyn no khc. Cc thuc tnh: - href : Ch nh URL ch - v tr ca ti nguyn. - title : Ch nh mt chui text chnh xc nh lin kt. on text ny hin th cho ngi dng thy. - accesskey : nh x mt kha keypad n n hnh ng m c i din bi phn t , thng gi l "s nh hng n mt hyperlink". + <access> Cho php ngi vit card gii hn truy cp ti liu ca deck m bt ngun t nhng tn hay ng dn domain xc nh. N c cha bn trong th <head>. C th c ty bao nhiu phn t <access> cing c. Cc thuc tnh: - domain : t domain  ch  c th truy cp c card. - path : t ng dn bn trong domain ca deck c th truy cp c card. + <anchor> Ch nh anchor cho mt lin kt n mt card, deck hay ti nguyn khc. Cc thuc tnh: - title : Ch nh mt chui text chnh xc nh lin kt. - accesskey : nh x mt kha keypad n n hnh ng m phn t ny i din. + <b> Ch nh on text in m. + <big> Ch nh on text ln. + <br> Bo cho browser bit l phi t mt k t xung dng ti v tr m phn t ny c vit. + <card> Card l n v hin th trong WML, n cha bn trong phn t <wml>. Mi card cha ni dung m c gii thiu ti ngi dng bng cch c bit ca browser. Mt card logic ch nh mt giao tip gia ngi dng v thit b. Cc thuc tnh: - title: Ch nh label ca card. - newcontext: Mc nh l false, nhng nu t l true th ng cnh browser hin hnh c khi to li trn entry ti card ny. Cng vic ny s clear trng thi qu trnh nh hng, v khi t li trng thi thi hnh c bit thnh mt gi tr default(thay i vi browser). - odered: Thuc tnh ny biu th cho ngi dng cch thc t chc ca ni dung card. Nu orderd="true", card c t chc t nhin theo mt dy tuyn tnh cc phn t. V d, mt tp hp cc cu hi hay cc field c x l t nhin bi ngi dng theo trt t m trong  chng c phn thnh tng nhm. Nu ordered="false", card l mt s chn lc cc phn t field m khng theo trt t thng thng. + <do> Ch nh mt c ch cho ngi dng giao tip vi card hin hnh. Hnh ng th hin khi m mt phn t <do> c kch hot th c ch nh bi phn t <go>, <prev>, <noop>, hay <refresh>. Xem cc chng c lin quan. Cc thuc tnh: - type: Ch nh du hiu cho microbrowser v cch dng phn t ca tc gi. Bng sau y hin th cc kiu <do> c nh ngh)a trc: Kiu do c t accept Tha nhn prev Qu trnh nh hng li help i hi mt s gip  reset Clear hay khi to li trng thi options Yu cu cc options hay cc chc nng ph delete Xa cc item hay cc la chn unknown Kiu k tha "" Tng t unknown x-*,X-* Kiu thc nghim vnd.,VND. Kiu t bit dnh cho ngi mua hay ngi dng loi vnd.co-type, trong  co l mt tn cng ty v type l kiu do. - label: Ch nh mt chui text thch hp  gn nhn ng cho mt thnh phn UI. - optional: >^`bhnp|~ T V @Hz|~!!!!!t+++.,8,,,,,,,,,*-ƾƾƾƾƾƾ頯~ h g5 h"W5h gh g5h"Wh ghOh d'5hGh d'5 h d'h d'h d' hGhGhGhGhG5 hG5h d'h d'5CJhLhL5CJ"hLhO5CJ" h d'5 hO5h d'hO5CJ4aJ4/`b~ >@|~p!!!!L&t+v++,,,, ---gd d' 0^`0gdGgdGN*-,-------.(.6.L.z.....////\0p0000011 2"2N2Z22223333444R4T4ҿ{qh.h#w0J5jh.h#w5Ujh#w5U h#w5h gh#w5h#whGh d'5 h d'5hOh d'5h d'h gh g5 h gh gh g h g5h.h"W0J5jh.h"W5U h"W5jh"W5U,-.@.....00022 33X4f4x4445555 6 68T=V==gdGgd#wgd d'T4444445"5$5*5,5.5:5<5B5F5H5N5R5T5X5`5b5d5f5l5n5v5z5~55555555555555556 6 69 9V=\=^=`=f=h=p=r=v=x==========Ϳȶh#h#5 h#5hOhG hG5 hYT 5hGhG5h d' h#wh d'h#wh#w5 h#wh#w h gh#wh#w h#w5D====>??&?(??? @ @@\@^@@@@@@@@@AAnBpBCCCCHHII"J*JbJpJNNNQQdStSSSxTTfVѷ۰󠛓 hPE 5hPE hG5hPE hGhG5 h d'5 hYT 5h h#h# h gh#h.h#0J5j*h.h#5Ujh#5U h#5h gh#5h# hGhGhGh#hG53==>>*??b@p@@@@ AAACCCCEFGG@HII"JbJJJgd#gdGJK~NNN O,OOpPQQQ>S`SSvTxTT"UDUUdVfVrVVVVVVVgdGfVrVVVVVWWYYYZ(\>\z\\\\^^`_b_p_Ja\aff0fff(:DRHbʅ"B:Pċ̋؋(4vАޑΒؓ`v”֔&hDJhDJ5 hs.hs.UhDJhG5hDJ hf75hPE hGhPE hG5QVWWWYYY(\\^`_b_p_(aJaabbdbbbbBcc dbdddene`gdPE gdGneefff(BDRFHbȆ":&(4^gdDJgdG Nu gi tr ca thuc tnh ny l true, microbrowser c th b qua phn t ny, ngc li nu n c t l false, v n phi khng c b qua. - name: Ch nh tn ca phn t. Nu mt phn t  mc card v  mc deck c cng tn, phn t  mc card s override phn t  mc deck. + <em> Ch nh on text  cn nhn mnh. Cch m cng vic ny gii thiu s ph thuc vo s thc thi c bit ca browser. + <fieldset> Khi m <fieldset> c t quanh cc vng no  ca paragraph, n thng bo vi browser hy phn cch cc vng y ra,  t chc thng tin theo cch logic. Hin nay, cc browser t h tr phn t ny. Hu ht cc browser b qua n, v khng hin th on text bn trong th ny. Cc thuc tnh: - title: Ta  c t ca section. + <go> Ch nh mt tc v m nh hng ti URL. xml:lang khng phi l mt thuc tnh kt hp. Cc thuc tnh: - href: Ch nh URL ch - sendreferer: Mc nh l false. Nu c t l true, ngi dng cn ch r URL ca deck m cha tc v ny trong request server-bound. - method: Xc nh phng thc request HTTP. Hin h tr phng thc get v post. - enctype: Ch nh kiu ni dung ca form khi c submit dng phng thc post. Mc nh l application/x-www-form-urlencoded. - accept-charset: Bt but theo sau l mt danh sch cc k t cho d liu m ha m server gc phi chp nhn x l d liu vo. + <head> Phn t ny ch nh mt header ty cho ti liu WML. N c dng  cha thng tin <access> v <meta> m c lin quan n ton b ti liu. + <i> Ch nh on text in nghing. + <img> Ch nh mt hnh nh c hin th. Cc thuc tnh: Bn c th thy rng thi  ca cc thuc tnh ny c th khc gia emulator vi phone tht. V d, thuc tnh heigh va width c th gy ra li  Nokia 7110 toolkit nhng li khng h g i vi phone tht. - src: Ch nh URL ca hnh cn hin th. Nu thuc tnh localsrc ch nh mt hnh nh c nh chnh xc, thuc tnh ny s b l i. - alt: Ch nh dng text hin th nu nh thit b khng h tr hnh nh hoc l c thuc tnh localsrc ln src u khng ch ng n hnh nh. - localsrc: Ch nh mt icon  c nh ngh)a trc. Nu thuc tnh ny ch ng n mt icon, thuc tnh src v alt s b l i. - align: Ch nh v tr ca hnh so vi dng text hin hnh: l mt trong cc gi tr top, midle, bottom. - vspace: Ch nh s lng khong trng pha trn v pha di hnh. C th n v l pixel hoc phn trm theo kch thc ton b mn hnh. - hspace: Tng t vspace nhng l bn tri v bn phi ca hnh. - height: Ch nh chiu cao  ngh ca hnh. - width: Ch nh chiu rng  ngh ca hnh. + <input> Ch nh mt v tr m ti  ngi dng c th nhp vo dng text. Cc thuc tnh: - name: Tn bin lu tr gi tr nhp ca ngi dng. Nu  c mt bin c tn ny ri, gi tr ca n s b chp , ngc li mt bin mi s c to ra. - default: Gi tr mc nh ca entry field ny. - type: t kiu text. Mc nh l text, cho php nhp v hin th theo dng text thng thng. Kiu th hai l password, khi , text nhp vo s tr thnh cc du sao(v l do bo mt). Cn lu l nhng gi tr ny c lu vo b nh di dng plain text. - title: Gi mt ta  cho mn hnh text entry, c hin th khi nhp text vo. - maxlength: Chiu di ti a ca chui nhp vo. - format: t mt nh dng m text nhp vo bt buc phi tng thch. Xem chng 10  bit r hn v h thng code ny. - emptyok: C cho php ngi dng  trng hay khng. - tabindex: t th t focus ca form khi ngi dng di chuyn bng phm tab. - size: Xc nh chiu rng tnh theo k t ca vng nhp. - accesskey: Hp nhp c th nh x n mt kha keypad no . + <meta> Cha trong phn t <head>, dng  ch nh nhng thng tin tng qut ca deck. C th  l thng tin v tc gi, bn quyn, ngy ht hn ca ni dung. Nu browser khng hiu th ny th n gin n ch vic l i. Cc thuc tnh: - content: Ch nh gi tr tnh cht. - name: Cho cc d liu trong th mmeta mt ci tn. - http-equiv: Ch nh tn HTTP ca header. D liu trong th meta c tn th c chuyn i thnh mt header HTTP hay WSP nu ni dung c trao tn bi trc khi i n ngi dng. - forua: Ch nh d liu trong th meta c khuynh hng n vi ngi dng hay khng. Nu true, n s thc hin. Ngc li, n cn c a n mt i trung gian sau . - scheme: Ch nh mt form hay mt cu trc m c th c dng  thng dch gi tr d liu. + <noop> Ch nh khng lm g c. C th dng n  disable chc nng ca browser. + <onevent> Thng bo rng, khi c mt s kin t bit xy ra, nhng hnh ng cha bn trong th s thc thi. Cc thuc tnh: - type: t kiu ca s kin lin kt vi on code. Cc kiu bao gm: onenterbackward: Ch nh vic nh hng vi cch dng stack onenterforward: Ch nh vic nh hng bt k ngoi tr stack. ontimer: S thc thi mt hnh ng t bit ti gii hn thi gian. + <option> Tp hp cc th option cn thit khi cn lit k nhiu item  ngi dng chn. Xem thm phn t <select>. Cc thuc tnh: - value: Gn cho ty chn mt gi tr ngn, chng hn ch u tin ca tn. Gi tr ny c th giao cho mt bin, hoc cho n nh l la chon mc nh, dng thuc tnh name v value ca phn t <select> mt cch tng ng. - name: C th t tn cho mi option trong danh sch lit k  trnh duyt hin th. - onpick: Lin quan n vi thuc tnh <onevent>, cho php ch nh id ca card  nh hng khi ngi dng chn mt trong cc item trong danh sch lit k. + <optgroup> C th t tp hp cc th <optgroup> quanh <option> trong mt danh sch <select>. Hiu qu ca n l chia cc option thnh cc menu con. Cc thuc tnh: - title: t tn cho mi menu con. + <p> Ch nh mt on vn c canh l v ngt dng nh th no. Cc thuc tnh: - align: Mt trong ba gi tr l left, right v center. Nu khng ch nh r thuc tinh ny, mc nh ca n l gi tr ca on vn trc. - mode: Mt trong hai gi tr l wrap, nowrap, dng  ch nh kiu ngt dng. Nu khng xc nh gi tr ca mode, n s ly gi tri mode c bit. + <postfield> Ch nh mt cp name-value  chuyn v sever. Cc thuc tnh: - name: Ch nh tn ca cp name-value. - value: Ch nh bin m gi tr ca n c qui cho cp name-value. + <prev> Ch nh hng n URL trc  trong history. xml:lang th khng lin kt vi thuc tnh ny. + <refresh> Ch nh tc v refresh, khai bo mt s cn thit cho vic cp nht ng cnh ngi dng nh ch nh bi phn t cha trong n <setvar>(Xem phn c lin quan). Phn t ny dng  cp nht mn hnh  n nh x cc thay i trong cc bin. Nhng thay i ny c th xy ra nh l kt qu ca nhng thc th ca phn t <refresh> hay l jt qu ca nhng phn t <setvar> bn trong phn t <refresh>. + <select> Cho php nh ngh)a mt tp hp hu hn cc gi tr ty chn  ngi dng nhp. Cc thuc tnh: - name: Tn ca bin m gi tr ca n s l option c chn. - iname: Bn cing c th ch nh mt bin m gi tr ca n s l gi tr index ca option c chn. - value: Cho php ch nh mt la chn mc nh. - ivalue: Cho php ch nh mt la chn mc nh bng cch dng ch s ca option mc nh. - title: Ta   browser hin th. - multiple: True hoc false. Nu l true, ngi dng c th chn nhiu entry t danh sch, mc nh l false. - tabindex: t th t focus ca hp la chn khi ngi dng di chuyn bng phm tab. + <setvar> t gi tr cho bin. Nu  tn ti bin  th gi tr ca n s b chp , ngc li mt bin mi s c to ra. N ch c th nm trong th <refresh> v <go>. Cc thuc tnh: - name: Tn bin. - value: Gi tr ca bin. + <small> Ch nh font size nh hn mc nh. + <strong> Ch nh kiu ch mnh, nhn mnh. + <table> y l phn t cp cao. Cc bng xy dng d liu thoe hnh thc ct v dng. Phn t ny c th cha nhiu phn t dng, xem <tr>. Cc thuc tnh: - title: Ch nh tn ca bng; gi tr ny c th c dng bi browser trong phn gii thiu bng. - align: Ch nh cch b tr text v hnh nh trong cc ct ca bng. Cc gi tr c th l L, C, R, i din cho left-alignment, center-alignment, right-alignment tng ng. Mc nh l L. Bn c th ch nh mi ct mt kiu b tr khc nhau. V d, ba ct vi canh l left, right, center ta s ly align="RLC". Nhng thuc tnh ny ch hu hiu trong nhng thit b WML 1.2. Nhng thit b i trc ch nhn cc gi tr left, right, center. - columns: Ch nh s ct trong bng. + <td> Dng  nh ngh)a nhng cell c nhn ca mi hng trong mt bng  c nh ngh)a. Ni dung ca phn t ny l ni dung ca m trong bng. + <template> Ch nh mt mu ca tt c cc card trong deck. S kin nhp nhy s t vo tt c cc card trong deck. C th ch nh phn t <do>  p dng cho tt c cc card. Cc card c th chng thi  ny bng cch cung cp phn t <do> vi cng tn nh nhng nh ngh)a  y. Xem chng 14  co thm thng tin. + <timer> t mt b nh thi m s pht ra s kin khi ht gi hn. S kin ny c th c hn ch bng cch dng mt phn t <onevent> m ch nh tn ca b nh thi. Cc thuc tnh: - name: Tn ca b nh thi. S kin b nh thi x l da trn tn ny. - value: Khi t khong thi gian cn hn, n v l hng chc giy. + <tr> nh ngh)a mi dng trong bng. + <u> Ch nh on text c ghch di. + <wml> u v cui ca mt ti liu WML. Phn t ny nh ngh)a gii hn ca deck. *Nhng phn t c bit ca UP. Browser Nu bn mun dng nhng phn t ny, bn phi thay i header DOCTYPE thnh dng sau y: <DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//PHONE.COM//DTD WML w.w//EN" "http://ww.phone.copm/dtd/wml11.dtd"> + <catch> Ch nh mt x l ngoi l. Cc thuc tnh: - name: Ch nh ngoi l no s c x l. Nu khng c tn no c ch ra, bt k ngoi l no cing c <catch> x l. -onthrow: Bo cho h thng bit phi lm g nu hoc khi c ngoi l xy ra. + <exit> Thng bo mt tc v ngng, ng cnh hin hnh sau  cing ngng. + <link> Tng t th <a>, n thng bo mt siu lin kt. Cc thuc tnh: - href: Ch nh URL mun hng ti. - sendreferer: Mc nh l false. Nu t li l true, ngi dng phi ch nh URL ca deck m c cha tc v ny trong request gi n server. - rel: Ch nh tn ti quan h no gia deck cha link v card m c nh hng n. + <receive> Nhn d liu c gi t mt ng cnh khc. Cc thuc tnh: - name: Ch nh tn ca bin m gi tr ca n s c gn cho d liu nhn c. + <reset> Clear tt c ccn bin c khai bo trong ng cnh hin hnh. + <send> Ch nh mt bin n  gi cho v tr khi tham s c lin quan. Cc thuc tnh: - value: Ch nh gi tr  gi. + <spawn> Khai bo mt tc v sinh ra; to ra mt ng cnh con, v sinh ra mt URL. Cc thuc tnh: - href: Ch nh URL hng ti. - sendreferer: Mc nh l false. Nu t li l true, ngi dng phi ch nh URL ca deck m c cha tc v ny trong request gi n server. - accept-charset: Bt but theo sau l mt danh sch cc k t cho d liu m ha m server gc phi chp nhn x l d liu vo. - method: Xc nh phng thc request HTTP. Hin h tr phng thc get v post. - onexit: Ch nh URL hng ti, s hon tt bn trn ca ng cnh con, thng qua th hin ca mt hnh ng that. + <throw> Thng bo l c mt ngoi l va c nm ra  ng cnh hin hnh. Cc thuc tnh: name: Ch nh tn ca ngoi l nm ra. VII. Resource:  xem chi tit hn bn ti cc Document tren mng v ti a ch:  HYPERLINK "http://forum.nokia.com" http://forum.nokia.com  HYPERLINK "http://www.wapforum.org/" http://www.wapforum.org/ 4tvҌАޑؓ`”$&:ĕ&F2ʝgdG&:&>vFbĚ2ʜ2Nʝ^|ҡ.D6\ܦ@VЧTj DT4@ޮ.Jα$68Ȳh&th&t5h&thG5h7 hhGhDJhG5Xʝ|^ҡ.6@ΧЧTƭgdG24@ޮ,.Jα$Ȳƶȶ޶&`lLgdGȲȶ޶&8: `tv2lLf:LT\bH^¿ƿȿ6JNFZ^rBNF"hehG5hehG56 hbu5h&thG5>*h&thG56hYT hG5>*h&th&t5h&thG5hGHL`FH^ƿ6DFZgdG^@BNDFL"^|..PgdG"^`|.Pbz Pb Vj"4f<R,@:BD4: hYT 56hYT hYT 56 hYT 5hYT hYT 5h$Shp?h$Sh$S5hYT h$ShG5hYT hG5>*hehe5hehG5>*hehG5hG=PxzNPb TVj"f<*,@:gdG:68@BDFHJLNgd$S & Fgd$S:< <>@BDFJLN½›̽ hYT hYT hYT hYT 56 hnhnhYhn0J5jhYhn5Uhnhn5 hn5jhn5U hYT 5hYT hYT 0J5j?hYT hYT 5UhYT hYT 5jhYT hYT 5U 1h/ =!"#$%DyK (http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xmlyK Phttp://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xmlDyK (http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xmlyK Phttp://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xmlDyK (http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xmlyK Phttp://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xmlDyK http://forum.nokia.comyK 0http://forum.nokia.com/DyK http://www.wapforum.org/yK 2http://www.wapforum.org/@@@ NormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH DA@D Default Paragraph FontRi@R  Table Normal4 l4a (k@(No List6U@6  Hyperlink >*B*ph^01?@ &BCE[ BLTWdepyz,3<Uwl~18AT|[ !1!X!Y!!?#@#F####8$$$$%%%;&<&G&&&&2'3'9'U'V'^'w'x'''''(((*l*K++++,,,1-2-E-[----.1.K.e.... //c/000011!1:2K2q2r2y222333d444455555556D77_88\999:: :R:c:;6;=<<<D=|== >K>L>U>.???h??Y@AiAjAsAAAA1BBBBBCWCXCcCCCDEEEESFdFFFFFFnGHHHFHWHHHHH4I5IAIJJJ1KBKKK LLLMnMoMzM N1NENbNcNmNNNNNNNSOdOOQQQQMRNR[RSSSATRTTTTTUUUK>]]|]]]]]] ^ ^L^^^^^^^M900M900M900M900O900M900,M900HO900O900M900M900O900O900M900M900hM900M900M900O900O900M900M900M900M900O900M900M900M900M900My00Oy00My00M900M900O90"0̄M90"0M90"0M90"0M90"0M90"0l~@M90"0M90"0M90"0O900M900M9000M900M900M900M900M900M900M900M900O900M900M900O900M900*-T4=fV&Ȳ":N479:=qtwz-=JVne4ʝLP:N58;<>?prsuvxyN6). ^3^J^M^u^^^XXXXX++^^^++^^^++^^^^++^^^^LEE QUOC Lam Thanh TanWs0MJT^`5OJPJQJ^Jo(-  ^ `OJQJ^Jo(hHo  ^ `OJQJo(hHxx^x`OJQJo(hHHH^H`OJQJ^Jo(hHo^`OJQJo(hH^`OJQJo(hH^`OJQJ^Jo(hHo^`OJQJo(hHWs0M8        *)d^YT PE f7# d's.4>8GDJ$S`TIV"W&w`m4b g7 h4?hgh#w0^n "D`*&t<|ep?tMbu;.PHL[O@++++X )p/^pp.p4p@pHpZpUnknownGz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z Arial?5 z Courier New;Wingdings"1hybmbyP0yP0!4dg^g^3QH ?m4bNhng yu t WMLLEE QUOC Lam Thanh Tan Oh+'0 ( D P \hpxNhững yếu tố WMLh LEE QUOCếEE EE  Normal.dotLam Thanh Tant14 Microsoft Word 10.0@@L@>rlyP՜.+,D՜.+,H hp  ARCH?0g^A Những yếu tố WML Title 8@ _PID_HLINKSA\@E http://www.wapforum.org/z8 http://forum.nokia.com/ A(http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml A(http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml A(http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.2.xml  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{}~Root Entry F4lData |1TableQ@WordDocument"SummaryInformation(DocumentSummaryInformation8CompObjj  FMicrosoft Word Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q

XtGem Forum catalog